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Accurate tests to assess hearing and recommend care.
Helping children and adults speak clearly and confidently.
Digital hearing aids fitted for your lifestyle and hearing loss.
From evaluation to AVT, we’re with you at every step.
Advanced hearing implant solutions for better clarity.
Consult online from the comfort of your home.
A phonological disorder is a type of speech sound disorder where a child (or sometimes an adult) has difficulty learning and applying the sound rules of a language. Unlike an articulation disorder (where specific sounds are physically hard to produce), a phonological disorder involves problems with the patterns or rules that govern how sounds are used in words.
Articulation disorders are different from phonological disorders, which involve patterns of sound errors related to the rules of a language, rather than just difficulty forming specific sounds. An articulation disorder error affects a single sound and has to do with the structure or movement of the facial muscles used when making the sound. A phonological disorder occurs when the rules of the sound system are broken and patterns are made to simplify sounds and words as children learn to talk.
Phonology is a subsystem of linguistics (the scientific study of language), so phonological disorders involve a child’s lack of knowledge and development of the phonological (sound) system of a language. This difficulty with the acquisition of the sound system is intricately connected to a child’s overall growth in language. A phonological disorder (also referred to as a developmental phonological disorder or a phonological impairment) can be defined as making errors with several phonemes that form patterns; these errors are the result of the child simplifying individual sounds and sound combinations. A child with a phonological disorder has not learned all of the linguistic rules to properly produce and combine sounds into syllables, even though the motor movements can be executed adequately. Examples of phonological errors are when a child uses a /t/ for /s/ but uses /s/ for /sh/ and /sh/ for /ch/. When a child has not acquired certain phonemes by a particular age as would be expected and patterns in his speech errors are evident, the child may be said to be exhibiting phonological processes.
Why is it important to treat my child’s articulation or phonological disorder?
It is important to address your child’s speech errors in order to prevent him or her from being frustrated. To enable your child to have the ability to communicate with a variety of partners in a social manner, complete school work, as well as be confident with his or her expressive output. Each child is an individual and it is necessary to keep normative data in mind.
If you’re concerned that your child has either an articulation disorder or a phonological disorder, you should start by scheduling an evaluation with a Speech Language Pathologist(SLP).
During that evaluation, the therapist will likely talk to your child to estimate how easy their speech can be understood and take note of any sound errors present. The therapist will also likely administer a test that might include showing your child pictures and asking him or her to name them.
The Speech Therapist will be looking for articulation errors and phonological patterns to determine which type of speech sound disorder is present.
For example, a child having trouble articulating the “S” sound might work on looking in a mirror and keeping their tongue behind their teeth as they make the sound. If a child uses the phonological process of weak syllable deletion, he or she might practice clapping while slowly saying each syllable in a longer word like “bicycle”.
Diagnosed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) through standardized assessments and observation.
Treated with speech therapy, which focuses on teaching the correct production of sounds through modeling, repetition, and practice.
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